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The Discharge Through Orificemeter experiment is one of the most important practical studies in fluid mechanics and hydraulic engineering laboratories. It helps students understand the principles of flow measurement in closed conduits using an orificemeter and enables accurate determination of the coefficient of discharge. This apparatus plays a crucial role in bridging the gap between theoretical fluid mechanics concepts and real-world engineering applications.
Flow measurement is fundamental in industries such as water supply, oil and gas, power plants, chemical processing, and HVAC systems. The orificemeter is one of the most widely used flow-measuring devices due to its simple construction, low cost, and ease of installation. The Discharge Through Orificemeter test rig allows learners to study these principles in a controlled laboratory environment.
Introduction to Orificemeter
An orificemeter is a differential pressure flow measurement device consisting of a thin circular plate with a sharp-edged concentric hole mounted inside a pipeline. When fluid flows through the pipeline and passes through the orifice, the velocity increases and the pressure drops at the orifice section.
By measuring the pressure difference between the upstream section and the vena contracta (or downstream section), the rate of flow can be calculated using Bernoulli’s equation and continuity principles. The Discharge Through Orificemeter experiment helps in understanding how flow rate varies with pressure difference.
Objective of Discharge Through Orificemeter Experiment
The main objectives of the Discharge Through Orificemeter setup are:
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To measure the discharge of fluid through an orificemeter
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To determine the coefficient of discharge of an orificemeter
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To verify Bernoulli’s equation experimentally
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To study pressure variation in flowing fluid
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To compare actual discharge with theoretical discharge
These objectives make the experiment a core part of mechanical and civil engineering curricula.
Construction of Discharge Through Orificemeter Apparatus
The Discharge Through Orificemeter test rig is designed for accuracy, durability, and ease of operation. Major components include:
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Strong mild steel or powder-coated frame
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Pipeline fitted with a precision orificemeter plate
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Pressure tapping points before and after the orifice
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U-tube manometer or differential pressure gauge
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Centrifugal pump for water circulation
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Sump tank and measuring tank
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Control valves to regulate flow rate
The layout is compact and user-friendly, allowing students to easily observe pressure changes and flow behavior during experiments.
Working Principle
The working principle of the Discharge Through Orificemeter experiment is based on Bernoulli’s theorem, which states that the total energy of a flowing fluid remains constant.
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Water is pumped from the sump tank through the pipeline.
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As the fluid passes through the orifice plate, the cross-sectional area reduces.
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This reduction causes an increase in velocity and a drop in pressure.
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The pressure difference is measured using a manometer.
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Actual discharge is determined by collecting water in the measuring tank.
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Theoretical discharge is calculated using standard flow equations.
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The coefficient of discharge is obtained by comparing actual and theoretical discharge values.
This systematic procedure provides a clear understanding of flow measurement concepts.
Experiments Performed Using Orificemeter Test Rig
The Discharge Through Orificemeter apparatus allows the following experiments:
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Measurement of discharge through an orificemeter
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Determination of coefficient of discharge
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Verification of Bernoulli’s equation
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Study of pressure and velocity distribution
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Comparison between actual and theoretical discharge
These experiments are essential for fluid mechanics laboratory courses.
Applications of Discharge Through Orificemeter
The Discharge Through Orificemeter test rig is widely used in:
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Mechanical Engineering Laboratories
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Civil Engineering Laboratories
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Hydraulic and Fluid Mechanics Labs
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Polytechnic and Diploma Institutes
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Industrial Training Institutes (ITI)
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Research and Development Laboratories
It is also used by international universities and technical institutes for teaching applied fluid mechanics.
Advantages of Orificemeter Test Rig
Some major advantages of the Discharge Through Orificemeter setup include:
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Simple and compact design
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Economical flow measurement device
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Easy installation and operation
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Suitable for a wide range of flow rates
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Ideal for academic demonstrations
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Helps in clear understanding of flow principles
Despite having higher head loss compared to nozzle and venturi meters, the orificemeter remains highly popular due to its simplicity.
Educational Importance
The Discharge Through Orificemeter experiment is extremely important for engineering students because it introduces them to real industrial flow measurement techniques. Engineers working in water distribution networks, pipelines, chemical plants, and power stations frequently encounter orificemeters.
By performing this experiment, students gain hands-on experience in measuring flow, analyzing pressure differences, and understanding energy losses in fluid systems.
Comparison with Other Flow Measurement Devices
When compared to other devices:
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Orificemeter: Simple, economical, higher head loss
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Venturimeter: High accuracy, low head loss, expensive
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Nozzle meter: Moderate cost, lower head loss than orifice
The Discharge Through Orificemeter test rig helps students understand why different flow meters are chosen for different applications.
Why Choose Scilabstore for Orificemeter Test Rigs
Scilabstore and scilabex.com are trusted suppliers of engineering laboratory and scientific equipment. With a strong commitment to quality, Scilabstore provides Discharge Through Orificemeter test rigs that meet academic and international standards.
Key Reasons to Choose Scilabstore:
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Trusted laboratory equipment provider
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Precision-engineered apparatus
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Suitable for Indian and international labs
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Durable construction and accurate results
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Professional customer support
Each unit is quality-checked before dispatch to ensure reliable performance.
PAN India & International Delivery
Scilabstore offers PAN India delivery, supplying equipment to engineering colleges, universities, and training institutes across India. Additionally, the company supports international delivery, exporting laboratory equipment to global educational institutions.
Export-quality packaging and efficient logistics ensure safe and timely delivery worldwide.
Quality Standards and Reliability
The Discharge Through Orificemeter apparatus supplied by Scilabstore is manufactured under strict quality control processes. High-grade materials and accurate instrumentation ensure long service life and consistent experimental results.
The apparatus is suitable for university syllabi, technical boards, and accreditation requirements.
